While freshwater pearls share many similarities with saltwater pearls, there are distinct differences that set them apart. Understanding these differences can help you make an informed decision when choosing between the two.

Origin and Cultivation

One of the primary differences between freshwater pearls and saltwater pearls lies in their origin and cultivation. Freshwater pearls are predominantly cultivated in China, where pearl farms harness the natural environment of lakes, rivers, and ponds to cultivate freshwater mussels. These mussels are then nucleated with small pieces of mantle tissue, which triggers the formation of pearls.

Saltwater pearls, on the other hand, are cultivated in saltwater oysters that reside in oceans and protected bays. Specific types of saltwater pearls, such as Akoya pearls from Japan, Tahitian pearls from French Polynesia, and South Sea pearls from Australia, have their own unique characteristics and are prized for their distinct beauty.

Shape and Size

Freshwater pearls are known for their diverse range of shapes, with baroque pearls being the most common. These irregular and asymmetrical shapes add a sense of individuality and uniqueness to freshwater pearl jewellery. In contrast, saltwater pearls, particularly Akoya pearls, are often round and symmetrical, prized for their classic and timeless appeal.

In terms of size, freshwater pearls come in a wide range, from small seed pearls to larger pearls exceeding 15 mm in diameter. Saltwater pearls, especially South Sea pearls, are known for their larger sizes, ranging from 9 mm to 16 mm and sometimes even larger. The size of a pearl can significantly impact its value and overall aesthetic.

Luster and Color

Luster, or the reflective quality of a pearl's surface, is another distinguishing factor between freshwater and saltwater pearls. Freshwater pearls have a soft, dewy lustre that emanates a subtle glow. This lustre is the result of the densely compacted layers of nacre that form within the freshwater mussel. The lustre of freshwater pearls creates a gentle shimmer that is both captivating and enchanting.

Saltwater pearls, on the other hand, are renowned for their brilliant, mirror-like lustre. The slow deposition of nacre around a solid nucleus in saltwater oysters results in a high-quality lustre that reflects light with unparalleled radiance. This characteristic lustre gives saltwater pearls their captivating shine and makes them highly coveted among pearl enthusiasts.

In terms of colour, both freshwater and saltwater pearls offer a wide range of options. Freshwater pearls showcase natural pastel hues, including white, cream, peach, and pink, as well as dyed colours that add vibrancy and versatility to jewellery designs. Saltwater pearls, depending on the type, can range from white and silver to black, with Tahitian pearls boasting an array of stunning natural colours, including deep greens, purples, and blues.

Price and Accessibility

Freshwater pearls are generally more affordable than saltwater pearls, making them an accessible choice for those seeking the beauty of pearls without breaking the bank. The larger production volume and availability of freshwater pearls contribute to their affordability. This accessibility allows more people to enjoy the elegance and sophistication that pearls bring to their jewellery collection. (freshwater pearl earrings)

Saltwater pearls, on the other hand, tend to command higher prices due to their rarity and the intricacies of their cultivation. The limited production and higher demand for certain types of saltwater pearls, such as Akoya pearls and South Sea pearls, contribute to their higher price tags. These pearls are often regarded as luxury items and are favoured for special occasions and heirloom pieces.